Lifeguarding with a Stoma (GS015)

Version: 1
Last updated: October 2024

Click here to download this RLSS UK Guidance Statement

Introduction

What is a stoma?

A stoma is an opening on the surface of the abdomen which has been surgically created to divert the flow of faeces or urine.

There are three types of stomas: colostomy, ileostomy and urostomy. All are diversions from the bowel or bladder, but there are some differences between them.

Generally, a stoma is pink and moist (like the inside of our mouths). After the operation, a stoma will initially be swollen, but this will reduce after 6-8 weeks. A stoma has no nerves, so there are no sensations when touching it. Everyone's stoma is different in size or shape.

Colostomy (colon)

A colostomy is the term used to describe an opening from the colon (large intestine). The surgeon will bring a part of the colon from inside the patient's body through the abdomen to the outside and stitch it down to secure it. Usually, this is on the left side of the abdomen. The output from a colostomy differs from person to person, but the stoma commonly functions between 1 and 3 times a day. The output tends to be more solid and often resembles a traditional stool.

Ileostomy (small intestine)

An ileostomy is the term used to describe an opening from the small intestine, specifically the ileum. The surgeon will bring a part of the small intestine from inside the patient's body through the abdomen to the outside and stitch it down to secure it. Typically, this will be on the right of the abdomen. An ileostomy is more active, with the output being looser than that of a colostomy. An ileostomy bag will be worn that enables drainage into the toilet between 3 and 6 times a day.

Urostomy (bladder)

A urostomy (also called an ileal conduit) is the term used to describe an opening for a person's urine.

A urostomy is formed by taking a piece of a person's small intestine and attaching the ureters to it, forming a passageway through which urine can pass. One tube end is brought out through the abdomen to create a urostomy. Usually, the bladder is removed, but this depends on the operation.

A Urostomy is generally on the right-hand side of a person's abdomen and will have a small spout to allow the urine to exit the body. The urostomy bag will have a bung or tap on the bottom to allow urine to be drained at regular intervals into the toilet.

Swimming with a stoma

It's estimated that one in 335 people in the UK are currently living with a stoma.

Individuals of all ages can have a stoma. Stoma surgery is undertaken to treat a range of illnesses, including cancer, diverticulitis, and Crohn's disease, or following a trauma to the abdomen.

We know swimming has enormous mental and physical benefits, but there may also be a few concerns. However, colostomy equipment is secure, quite discreet and waterproof. The adhesive on stoma bags remains effective in water, and flange extenders can provide further security. There is also a range of swimwear that can provide additional support and discretion (if required) when swimming.

If the activity is strenuous or involves heavy lifting, a support belt or girdle can be worn. Likewise, stoma protectors are available, which can be worn over the stoma for extra protection. However, advice should be obtained by a healthcare professional, especially if you are in a recovery phase.

Attending an RLSS UK lifeguard course

People with stomas are already qualified as lifeguards, so this shouldn't stop them from learning more about the course and what's entailed.

Before enrolment, learners can disclose any medical conditions that need to be considered during training. Although disclosing personal medical information can be daunting, in general, there are no limitations when attending an RLSS UK lifeguard course, and the fully qualified RLSS UK Trainer Assessor can explain all course elements before booking/ securing a place.

If any limitations are discussed, reasonable adjustments/ special considerations can be explored with the support of the Awarding Organisation (RLSS UK Qualifications).

Lifeguarding duties

As in any role, a lifeguard needs to look after their physical health and well-being. Being prepared for work is important, including your ability to perform your role, from concentrating to supervising the swimming pool, anticipating hazards, educating pool users and performing rescues. To do this, you must be sure you are rescue-ready. This includes ensuring your stoma is ready to be exposed to the water.